JSS 2

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Basic Science

WEEK 1

TOPIC: Reproductive Health

Reproductive health refers to the various health processes that people especially the female one’s) under go from puberty, during pregnancy and after delivery in order to ensure that their reproductive organs are in good health and condition these reproductive processes include.

  1. Medical check up: this is done to detect early enough any infection or diseases or any other problem.
  2. Ante – natal check up: this is when pregnant women go to the hospital regularly for proper check up it is also followed up after delivery which is known as post – natal check up
  3. Observing healthy practices such as: i. checking breast and testicles for lumps     ii. Maintaining proper hygiene during menstruation   iii. Eating balanced diet.   Iv. Keeping body and genitals clean     v. checking of abnormal genital discharge.

IMPORTANCE OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

  1. It encourages people to take good care of their reproductive organs
  2. It helps one to detect early enough the contaction of infection or diseases
  3. It fosters effective family planning i.e helping the couples to decide when to have children and the number of children they want it reduces the risk of adolescent pregnancies and early marriages

CARE OF THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

The external reproductive organs are penis and vagina they should therefore be properly protected from infections observing the following

  1. Washing of panties and under wears regularly.
  2. Bathing atleast twice a day and washing the organs properly.
  3. Shaving i.e removal of public hairs in  order to prevent public lice and offensive odour

ANTE – NATAL / PRE – NATAL CARE

This is a special care given to pregnant women during pregnancy to ensure the safety of the mother and the3 unborn child a trained medical personal like mid-wife or an obstetrician before birth ante – natal begins immediately the woman knows she is pregnant. The major advantage of ante – natal is to prevent complications in pregnancy and also to treat any existing health problems, it as well helps the mother to prepare very well for the arrival of the baby.

INTRAPARTUM CARE

This is a special care given to the pregnant women during/ in labour and immediately after delivery. This is to ensure safe delivery and the safety of both the mother and the new born baby.

Intrapartum care involves the following:

  1. Regular supervision and check to know when the bais coming out.
  2. Pain relief measures for the mother
  3. Encouragement for the mother in order not to entertain fear but push very well especially for the first timers.
  4. It can also involve the provision of oxygen to aid respiration if the need be.
  5. It enables the doctor to know if there would be need for caesarean section i.e operation

POST – NATAL CARE

This is a special care given to a woman and her baatleast for the first – six weeks after delivery. All the special cares mentioned above i.e ante – natal, intrapartum and post natal must be provided qualified health workers such as medical doctors, mid wives or local health workers.

BREAST FEEDING

This is an act of feeding the young ones or animals with milk from the mammary gland. Mammals are animals that feed their young ones with milk. Breast milk is better than processed milk. Hence breast feeding should be done for a minimum of six months.

MYTHS (ie COMMONLY HELD BUT FALSE BELIEF) ABOUT BREAST FEEDING:

  1. A breast – feeding woman cannot be pregnant this is often times lie because some women ovulated during breast feeding and as such can get impregnated when involved in sexual intercourse.
  2. That its not good for a woman to have sexual intercourse when breast feeding so that the bawill not suck the sperm from the breast this is absolutely a wrong or false assumption

ADVANTAGE OF BREAST FEEDING:

  1.  It has no risk of contamination
  2. It is cheap and readily available
  3. It helps a woman’s womb to go back to normal as soon as possible after delivery.
  4. The milk secreted in the first few days after delivery (colostrums) is very rich in protein. Hence it is believed to give the batemporary immunity to infectious diseases.

CHILD WEANING

This is the period when a child is taking off complete from milk diet and us fed with other food items.

WAYS OF CARING FOR THE BABY:

  1. By keeping the child’s surrounding clean
  2. By washing and sterilizing the baby’s feeding utensils
  3. By keeping his/her clothes clean
  4. By bathing the child daily.

N/B  parental care refers to the series of collective activities undertaking in taking care of the young ones

Assessment test

  1. Define the following: pre – natal/ ante – natal care intrapartum care and post – natal care
  2. What is meant child weaning?
  3. Give three advantages of breast feeding.
  4. Mention three processes of reproductive health and explain two.
  5. Enumerate three healthy practices from this topic
  6. List four ways of caring for a baby
  7. What is parental care?
  8. Give two importance of reproductive health.